Restrição à participação de adultos e idosos: associação com fatores auditivos e socioambientais
Participation restriction of adults and elderly users of an audiology clinic: association with auditory and social-environmental factors
Valquíria Conceição Souza; Stela Maris Aguiar Lemos
Resumo
Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre a restrição à participação auditiva com a qualidade de vida, a autopercepção de saúde, os fatores auditivos e os aspectos sociodemográficos de adultos e idosos atendidos em um serviço de audiologia. Método: Participaram do estudo 152 indivíduos e a restrição à participação auditiva foi avaliada por meio dos instrumentos Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults – HHIA e o Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly – HHIE. Para a avaliação da qualidade de vida os participantes responderam o World Health Organization Quality of Life- versão abreviada (WHOQOL-bref). As características sociodemográficos foram avaliadas por meio de um questionário de caracterização dos participantes e pelo Critério Brasil ABEP, também foram coletados os resultados da avaliação auditiva. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritiva, bivariada (p ≤ 0,20) e regressão logística múltipla (p ≤ 0,05) Resultados: Em relação à classe social, indivíduos pertencentes às classes B1 e C2 possuíam respectivamente, 4,75 e 7,73 vezes chances maiores de apresentar restrição à participação auditiva quando comparados aos indivíduos da classe D. Em relação aos fatores auditivos, ter perda auditiva incapacitante aumentou em 3,4 vezes a chance de apresentar percepção de restrição à participação auditiva. No domínio ambiental do instrumento Whoqol-Bref, a cada unidade aumentada no escore, houve diminuição de 0,96 vezes a chance de percepção de restrição na participação auditiva. Conclusão: Verificou-se que apenas o uso do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual, apesar dos benefícios, não foi capaz de eliminar a presença da restrição à participação auditiva da maioria dos participantes.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: To verify the association between restrictions to auditory participation and quality of life, self-perceived health, auditory factors and sociodemographic aspects of adults and elderlies assisted in an audiology service. Methods: The study included 152 participants; restrictions to auditory participation were assessed using the instruments Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults - HHIA and the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly - HHIE. In order to assess the quality of life, participants answered the World Health Organization Quality of Life - abbreviated version (WHOQOL-bref). Sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using a questionnaire to characterize the participants; and by the Brazilian Criteria ABEP. The results of the hearing assessment were also collected. Descriptive, bivariate statistical analyzes (p ≤ 0.20) and multiple logistic regression (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. Results: Regarding social class, individuals belonging to classes B1 and C2 had, respectively, 4.75 and 7.73 times greater chances of presenting restrictions to auditory participation compared to individuals of class D. Regarding hearing factors, disabling hearing loss increased by 3.4 times the chance of presenting perception of restriction to auditory participation. In the environmental domain of the WHOQOL-bref instrument, each unit increased in the score was associated with a decrease of 0.96 times in the chance of perceived restriction in auditory participation. Conclusion: We found that the use of the amplifying hearing aid by itself, despite its benefits, did not eliminate the restrictions on auditory participation of most participants.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
14/07/2020
Aceito em:
19/12/2020
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