Factors associated with the start of breastfeeding practice in a maternity in Lima, Peru
Fatores associados ao início da prática do aleitamento em uma maternidade de Lima, Peru
Rafaela Soares Rech; Bertha Angélica Chávez; Pili Berrios Fernandez; Camila Goldstein Fridman; Daniel Demétrio Faustino-Silva; Juliana Balbinot Hilgert; Fernando Neves Hugo
Abstract
Purpose: To verify the anatomophysiological, psychological, and sociocultural factors of the mother-newborn binomial, as well as their association with the initiation of breastfeeding. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a maternity hospital in Lima, Peru. The sample consisted of 304 healthy neonates and their mothers. Breastfeeding performance was estimated by clinical assessment using the Clinical Evaluation of Breastfeeding Efficacy scale and maternal self-perception by the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Multivariate Prevalence Ratios (PR) were estimated by Poisson Regression with Robust Variance and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The prevalence of clinical low breastfeeding performance was 27.6%. Primiparous women were associated with higher prevalence of low performance when they did not trust to succeed [PR:2.02(95%CI:1.18-3.44)] and lower prevalence in having a good latch [PR:0.52(95%CI:0.29-0.95)], as well as in coping successfully [PR:0.59(95%CI:0.37-0.91)]. Multiparous women showed higher prevalence when they were not confident in staying motivated [PR:3.47(95%CI:1.67-7.22)] and in calming the neonate [PR:4.07(95%CI:1.83-9.95)]. There was lower prevalence in keeping the neonate awake [PR:0.32(95%CI:0.14-0.75)] and when they did not feel confident in the presence of their family [PR:0.29(95%CI:0.13-0.64)]. Conclusion: It is important that health professionals be aware of emotional, social, and cultural issues to promote quality breastfeeding
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: Verificar os fatores anatomofisiológicos, psicológicos, socioculturais do binômio mãe neonato e sua associação com o início da prática do aleitamento materno. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em uma Maternidade de Lima Peru. A amostra foi de 304 neonatos sadios e suas respectivas mães. O desempenho na amamentação foi estimado por avaliação clínica utilizando-se a escala de Avaliação Clínica da Eficácia da Amamentação e a autopercepção materna pela Escala de Autoeficácia da Amamentação. Razões de Prevalência (RP) multivariadas foram estimadas pela Regressão de Poisson com Variância Robusta e intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: A prevalência de baixo desempenho clínico na amamentação foi de 27,6%. Primíparas associarem-se a maior prevalência de baixo desempenho quando não confiavam em ter sucesso [RP:2,02(IC95%:1,18-3,44)] e menor prevalência em ter boa pega [RP:0,52(IC95%:0,29-0,95)], assim como em enfrentar com êxito [RP:0,59(IC95%:0,37-0,91)]. As multíparas, apresentaram maior prevalência quando não confiavam em manterse motivadas [RP:3,47(IC95%:1,67-7,22)] e em acalmar o neonato [RP:4,07(IC95%:1,83-9,95)]. Houve menor prevalência em manter o neonato acordado [RP:0,32(IC95%:0,14-0,75)] e quando não se sentiam confiantes na presença de seus familiares [RP:0,29(IC95%:0,13-0,64)]. Conclusão: É importante que profissionais da saúde estejam atentos às questões emocionais, sociais e culturais para a promoção de um aleitamento materno com qualidade.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
14/06/2020
Aceito em:
21/10/2020
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