Factors associated with the start of breastfeeding practice in a maternity in Lima, Peru
Fatores associados ao início da prática do aleitamento em uma maternidade de Lima, Peru
Rafaela Soares Rech; Bertha Angélica Chávez; Pili Berrios Fernandez; Camila Goldstein Fridman; Daniel Demétrio Faustino-Silva; Juliana Balbinot Hilgert; Fernando Neves Hugo
Abstract
Purpose: To verify the anatomophysiological, psychological, and sociocultural factors of the mother-newborn binomial, as well as their association with the initiation of breastfeeding. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a maternity hospital in Lima, Peru. The sample consisted of 304 healthy neonates and their mothers. Breastfeeding performance was estimated by clinical assessment using the Clinical Evaluation of Breastfeeding Efficacy scale and maternal self-perception by the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Multivariate Prevalence Ratios (PR) were estimated by Poisson Regression with Robust Variance and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The prevalence of clinical low breastfeeding performance was 27.6%. Primiparous women were associated with higher prevalence of low performance when they did not trust to succeed [PR:2.02(95%CI:1.18-3.44)] and lower prevalence in having a good latch [PR:0.52(95%CI:0.29-0.95)], as well as in coping successfully [PR:0.59(95%CI:0.37-0.91)]. Multiparous women showed higher prevalence when they were not confident in staying motivated [PR:3.47(95%CI:1.67-7.22)] and in calming the neonate [PR:4.07(95%CI:1.83-9.95)]. There was lower prevalence in keeping the neonate awake [PR:0.32(95%CI:0.14-0.75)] and when they did not feel confident in the presence of their family [PR:0.29(95%CI:0.13-0.64)]. Conclusion: It is important that health professionals be aware of emotional, social, and cultural issues to promote quality breastfeeding
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: Verificar os fatores anatomofisiológicos, psicológicos, socioculturais do binômio mãe neonato e sua associação com o início da prática do aleitamento materno. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em uma Maternidade de Lima Peru. A amostra foi de 304 neonatos sadios e suas respectivas mães. O desempenho na amamentação foi estimado por avaliação clínica utilizando-se a escala de Avaliação Clínica da Eficácia da Amamentação e a autopercepção materna pela Escala de Autoeficácia da Amamentação. Razões de Prevalência (RP) multivariadas foram estimadas pela Regressão de Poisson com Variância Robusta e intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: A prevalência de baixo desempenho clínico na amamentação foi de 27,6%. Primíparas associarem-se a maior prevalência de baixo desempenho quando não confiavam em ter sucesso [RP:2,02(IC95%:1,18-3,44)] e menor prevalência em ter boa pega [RP:0,52(IC95%:0,29-0,95)], assim como em enfrentar com êxito [RP:0,59(IC95%:0,37-0,91)]. As multíparas, apresentaram maior prevalência quando não confiavam em manterse motivadas [RP:3,47(IC95%:1,67-7,22)] e em acalmar o neonato [RP:4,07(IC95%:1,83-9,95)]. Houve menor prevalência em manter o neonato acordado [RP:0,32(IC95%:0,14-0,75)] e quando não se sentiam confiantes na presença de seus familiares [RP:0,29(IC95%:0,13-0,64)]. Conclusão: É importante que profissionais da saúde estejam atentos às questões emocionais, sociais e culturais para a promoção de um aleitamento materno com qualidade.
Palavras-chave
References
1. WHO: World Health Organization [Internet]. Infant and young child feeding. Switzerland: WHO; 2018 [cited 2020 May 29]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs342/en/
2. Peru. Ministério da Saúde Peruano. Minsa recuerda la importancia de la lactancia materna. 2017 [cited 2020 May 29]. Availabe from: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/minsa/noticias/13837-minsa-recuerda-la-importanciade-la-lactancia-materna
3. Walker CLF, Rudan I, Liu L, Nair H, Theodoratou E, Bhutta ZA, et al. Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. Lancet. 2013;381(9875):1405- 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60222-6. PMid:23582727.
4. Davisse-Paturet C, Adel-Patient K, Divaret-Chauveau A, Pierson J, Lioret S, Cheminat M, et al. breastfeeding status and duration and infections, hospitalizations for infections, and antibiotic use in the first two years of life in the ELFE cohort. Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ nu11071607. PMid:31311192.
5. Zivich P, Lapika B, Behets F, Yotebieng M. Implementation of steps 1-9 to successful breastfeeding reduces the frequency of mild and severe episodes of diarrhea and respiratory tract infection among 0-6 month infants in Democratic Republic of Congo. Matern Child Health J. 2018;22(5):762- 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-018-2446-9. PMid:29417366.
6. Oktaria V, Lee KJ, Bines JE, Watts E, Satria CD, Atthobari J, et al. Nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding and management of acute respiratory illness and diarrhea in the first 6 months of life in infants from two regions of Indonesia. BMC Pediatr. 2017;17(1):211. http://dx.doi. org/10.1186/s12887-017-0966-x. PMid:29268732.
7. Sankar MJ, Sinha B, Chowdhury R, Bhandari N, Taneja S, Martines J, et al. Optimal breastfeeding practices and infant and child mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Paediatr. 2015;104(467):3-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.13147. PMid:26249674.
8. Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJ, França GV, Horton S, Krasevec J, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):475-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140- 6736(15)01024-7. PMid:26869575.
9. Oddy WH. Breastfeeding, childhood asthma, and allergic disease. Ann Nutr Metab. 2017;70(Supl Suppl 2):26-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000457920. PMid:28521318.
10. Westerfield KL, Koenig K, Oh R. Breastfeeding: common questions and answers. Am Fam Physician. 2018;98(6):368-73. PMid:30215910.
11. Sandoval Jurado L, Jiménez Báez MV, Olivares Juárez S, de la Cruz Olvera T. Breastfeeding, complementary feeding and risk of childhood obesity. Aten Primaria. 2016;48(9):572-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. aprim.2015.10.004. PMid:26880166.
12. Koh K. Maternal breastfeeding and children’s cognitive development. Soc Sci Med. 2017;187:101-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.06.012. PMid:28672220.
13. Anstey EH, Shoemaker ML, Barrera CM, O’Neil ME, Verma AB, Holman DM. Breastfeeding and breast cancer risk reduction: implications for black mothers. Am J Prev Med. 2017;53(3):S40-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. amepre.2017.04.024. PMid:28818244.
14. Hassoun D. Natural family planning methods and barrier: CNGOF contraception guidelines. Gynécol Obstét Fertil Sénol. 2018;46(12):873-82. PMid:30389545.
15. Brown CR, Dodds L, Legge A, Bryanton J, Semenic S. Factors influencing the reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding. Can J Public Health. 2014;105(3):e179-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17269/cjph.105.4244. PMid:25165836.
16. Veramendi-Espinoza LE, Zafra-Tanaka JH, Ugaz-Soto LM, et al. Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de la lactancia materna en madres de niños de comunidad rural Peruana y su asociación con la diarrea aguda infecciosa. CIMEL Ciencia e Investigación Médica Estudiantil Latinoamericana. 2012;17(2):82-8.
17. Gorrita RR, Barcenas Y, Gorrita Y, Brito B. Estrés y ansiedad maternos y su relación con el éxito de la lactancia materna. Rev Cubana Pediatr. 2014;86(2):179-88.
18. Roll CL, Cheater F. Expectant parents’ views of factors influencing infant feeding decisions in the antenatal period: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2016;60:145-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.04.011. PMid:27297376.
19. WHO: World Health Organization [Internet]. Breastfeeding and gender equality. 2016 cited 2020 May 29]. Available from: https://www.unicef. org/nutrition/files/BAI_bf_gender_brief_final.pdf
20. Kong SK, Lee DT. Factors influencing decision to breastfeed. J Adv Nurs. 2004;46(4):369-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03003.x. PMid:15117348.
21. Spencer B, Wambach K, Domain EW. African american women’s breastfeeding experiences: cultural, personal, and political voices. Qual Health Res. 2015;25(7):974-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732314554097. PMid:25288408.
22. Kent JC, Hepworth AR, Sherriff JL, Cox DB, Mitoulas LR, Hartmann PE. Longitudinal changes in breastfeeding patterns from 1 to 6 months of lactation. Breastfeed Med. 2013;8(4):401-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ bfm.2012.0141. PMid:23560450.
23. Quispe IMP, Oyola GAE, Navarro CM, Silva MJA. Características y creencias maternas asociadas al abandono de la lactancia materna exclusiva. Rev Cuba Salud Pública. 2015;41(4):582-92.
24. Jensen D, Wallace S, Kelsay P. LATCH: a breastfeeding charting system and documentation tool. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1994;23(1):27-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01847.x. PMid:8176525.
25. Báez LC, Blasco RC, Sequeros ME, et al. Validación al castellano de una escala de evaluación de la lactancia materna: el LATCH. Análisis de fiabilidad. Index de Enfermería. 2008;17(3):205-9.
26. Molina Torres M, Dávila Torres RR, Parrilla Rodríguez AM, Dennis CL. Translation and validation of the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale into Spanish: data from a Puerto Rican population. J Hum Lact. 2003;19(1):35- 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334402239732. PMid:12587643.
27. Kingston D, Dennis CL, Sword W. Exploring breast-feeding self-efficacy. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2007;21(3):207-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01. JPN.0000285810.13527.a7. PMid:17700097.
28. Dayton CJ, Johnson A, Hicks LM, Goletz J, Brown S, Primuse T, et al. Sex differences in the social ecology of breastfeeding: a mixed methods analysis of the breastfeeding views of expectant mothers and fathers in the US exposed to adversity. J Biosoc Sci. 2019;51(3):374-93. http://dx.doi. org/10.1017/S002193201800024X. PMid:30350763.
29. Cohen SS, Alexander DD, Krebs NF, Young BE, Cabana MD, Erdmann P, et al. Factors associated with breastfeeding initiation and continuation: a meta-analysis. J Pediatr. 2018;203:190-196.e21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jpeds.2018.08.008. PMid:30293638.
30. Ngo LTH, Chou HF, Gau ML, Liu CY. Breastfeeding self-efficacy and related factors in postpartum Vietnamese women. Midwifery. 2019;70:84-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2018.12.014. PMid:30594613.
Submitted date:
06/14/2020
Accepted date:
10/21/2020
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email