Attitudes towards ageing of Speech-language Pathology students in a Chilean University
Actitudes hacia el envejecimiento por parte de los estudiantes de Fonoaudiología de una Universidad Chilena
Felipe Henríquez; Natalia Retamal; Fernanda Silva; Camilo Morales.
Abstract
Purpose: Describe the attitudes towards ageing of senior undergraduate Speech-language Pathology students in a Chilean University. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which the validated Spanish version of the Kogan’s Attitudes Toward Old People Scale (KAOP) was applied to 43 students in the aforementioned course. The average scores were compared for the variables gender and interaction with the elderly. Results: A trend towards a positive attitude was observed. No differences were found for the variables described. An analysis was carried out with the items in which trends towards negative attitude were reported, and the implications were discussed. Conclusion: Although a positive attitude was reported, aspects of student academic training should be more comprehensively studied with a view to improving the quality of assistance provided to the elderly
Keywords
Resumen
Objetivo: Describir las actitudes hacia el envejecimiento por parte de los estudiantes de último año de estudios pertenecientes a la Carrera de Fonoaudiología de una Universidad Chilena. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de Corte Transversal, mediante el cual se aplicó la validación al español de la Escala de Actitudes Hacia el Envejecimiento de Kogan (KAOP) a 43 estudiantes de esta carrera. Se compararon los promedios de puntuación según variable género, y aquellas relacionadas a la interacción con adultos mayores. Resultados: Hubo una tendencia hacia la actitud positiva. No se encontraron diferencias según las variables mencionadas. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de aquellos ítems donde se reportaron tendencias hacia actitud negativa, discutiendo sus implicancias. Conclusión: Si bien hubo reporte de actitud positiva, resulta necesario continuar profundizando en aspectos de la formación académica de los estudiantes, con miras a mejorar la calidad de la atención de los adultos mayores.
Palabras clave
Referencias
1 Zarebski G. Cuestionario Mi Envejecer - CME: un instrumento psicogerontológico para evaluar la actitud frente al propio envejecimiento. 1. ed. Buenos Aires: Paidós; 2014. [ Links ]
2 OMS: Organización Mundial de la Salud. Informe mundial sobre el envejecimiento y la salud. Genova: OMS; 2015. (vol. 53). [ Links ]
3 INE: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Chile. Adulto mayor en Chile [Internet]. Santiago de Chile: Subdepartamento de Estadísticas Demográficas; 2007. Available from: http://www.ine.cl/canales/sala_prensa/noticias/2007/septiembre/boletin/ine_adulto_mayor.pdf [ Links ]
4 Ferrucci L, Giallauria F, Guralnik JM. Epidemiology of aging. Radiol Clin North Am. 2008;46(4):643-52, v. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2008.07.005. PMid:18922285. [ Links ]
5 Departamento de Estudios y Desarrollo. Perfil epidemiológico del adulto mayor en Chile [Internet]. Superintendencai de Salud; 2006. Available from: http://www.supersalud.gob.cl/documentacion/569/articles-4020_recurso_1.pdf [ Links ]
6 Alberich T. Envejecimiento físico, psicológico y social. In: Barranco A, Funes A, editors. Intervención social y sanitaria con mayores: manual de trabajo con la 3° y 4° edad. Madrid: Dykinson; 2008. p. 17-47. [ Links ]
7 Kerlinger FN, Lee HB. Investigacion del comportamiento. 4. ed. México: McGraw-Hill; 2002. [ Links ]
8 Chachamovich E, Fleck M, Laidlaw K, Power M. Impact of major depression and subsyndromal symptoms on quality of life and attitudes toward aging in an international sample of older adults. Gerontologist. 2008;48(5):593-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/48.5.593. PMid:18981276. [ Links ]
9 Hovey S, Dyck MJ, Reese C, Kim M. Nursing students’ attitudes toward persons who are aged: an integrative review. Nurse Educ Today. 2017;49:145-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2016.11.018. PMid:27930921. [ Links ]
10 Özdemir Ö, Bilgili N. Attitudes of Turkish Nursing Students Related to Ageism. J Nurs Res. 2016;24(3):211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000131. PMid:26998768. [ Links ]
11 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Knowledge and skills needed by speech-language pathologists providing services to individuals with swallowing and/or feeding disorders. ASHA Suppl. 2002;22(81):447-53. [ Links ]
12 Kagan SH, Melendez-Torres GJ. Ageism in nursing. J Nurs Manag. 2015;23(5):644-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12191. PMid:24238082. [ Links ]
13 Mansfield-Green S, Morrisseau N-R, Valliant PM, Caswell JM. Undergraduate students’ attitudes toward, and personality correlates in relation to, older adults. Soc Behav Personal. 2015;43(10):1741-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.10.1741. [ Links ]
14 Yildiz A, Usta YY, Demir Y, Yo M. Nursing students ’ attitudes toward ageism in Turkey. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012;2012(54):90-3. [ Links ]
15 Holroyd A, Dahlke S, Fehr C, Jung P, Hunter A. Attitudes toward aging: implications for a caring profession. J Nurs Educ. 2009;48(7):374-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20090615-04. PMid:19634262. [ Links ]
16 Flood MT, Clark RB. Exploring knowledge and attitudes toward aging among nursing and nonnursing students. Educ Gerontol. 2009;35(7):587-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601270802605333. [ Links ]
17 Yen CH, Liao WC, Chen YR, Kao MC, Lee MC, Wang CC. A Chinese version of kogan’s attitude toward older people scale: reliability and validity assessment. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009;46(1):37-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.05.004. PMid:18701105. [ Links ]
18 Wesley SC. Enticing students to careers in gerontology: faculty and student perspectives. Gerontol Geriatr Educ. 2005;25(3):13-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J021v25n03_02. PMid:15772016. [ Links ]
19 Plonczynski DJ, Ehrlich-Jones L, Robertson JF, Rossetti J, Munroe DJ, Koren ME, et al. Ensuring a knowledgeable and committed gerontological nursing workforce. Nurse Educ Today. 2007;27(2):113-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2006.04.004. PMid:16759757. [ Links ]
20 Hweidi IM, Al-obeisat SM. Jordanian nursing students’ attitudes toward the elderly. Nurse Educ Today. 2006;26(1):23-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2005.06.003. PMid:16115699. [ Links ]
21 Deltsidou A, Gesouli-Voltyraki E, Mastrogiannis D, Mantzorou M, Noula M. Nurse teachers’ and student nurses’ attitudes towards caring the older people in a province of greece. Health Sci J. 2010;4(4):245-57. [ Links ]
22 Hatami B, Ebn Ahmady A, Khoshnevisan MH, Lando HA. Senior dental student’s attitudes toward older adults and knowledge of geriatric dental care in the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2013;19(3):172-7. PMid:24995742. [ Links ]
23 Nochajski TH, Waldrop DP, Davis EL, Fabiano JA, Goldberg LJ. Factors that influence dental students’ attitudes about older adults. J Dent Educ. 2009;73(1):95-104. PMid:19126770. [ Links ]
24 León S, Correa-Beltrán G, Giacaman RA. Negative ageing stereotypes in students and faculty members from three health science schools. Gerodontology. 2015;32(2):141-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ger.12065. PMid:23822151. [ Links ]
25 Hernández R, Fernández C, Baptista MP. Metodología de la Investigación. 6. ed. México D.F.: McGraw Hill; 2014. [ Links ]
26 Kogan N. Attitudes toward old people: the development of a scale and an examination of correlates. J Abnorm Soc Psychol. 1961;62(1):44-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0048053. PMid:13757539. [ Links ]
27 Sampén J, Varela LF, Díaz C, Tello T, Ortiz PJ. Validación de la Escala de Actitudes hacia el adulto mayor por parte del personal de salud del primer nivel asistencial. Acta Médica Peru. 2012;29(3):148-54. [ Links ]
28 Asociación Médica Mundial. Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM – Principios éticos para las investigaciones Médicas en seres humanos [Internet]. 2013. Available from: https://www.wma.net/es/policies-post/declaracion-de-helsinki-de-la-amm-principios-eticos-para-las-investigaciones-medicas-en-seres-humanos/ [ Links ]
29 Cardona P, Agudelo H. La Flor de la vida. Pensemos en el adulto. Medellín: Universidad de Antioquía. Facultad de Salud Pública; 2006. [ Links ]
30 Butler RN. Ageism: a foreword. J Soc Issues. 1980;36(2):8-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1980.tb02018.x. [ Links ]
Submitted date:
10/01/2019
Accepted date:
10/05/2019
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email