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https://codas.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2317-1782/e20250344pt
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Original Article

Medidas acústicas espectrais, cepstrais e de curto prazo em mulheres com e sem alterações laríngeas e vocais

Spectral, cepstral, and short-term acoustic measures in women with and without laryngeal and vocal alterations

Amanda Mariane Paulino Gualberto; Fabiana Andrade Penido; Ana Cristina Côrtes Gama

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Resumo

Objetivo: Comparar medidas acústicas da voz de mulheres com e sem alterações laríngeas e vocais. Métodos: Estudo observacional analítico transversal com 69 professoras, divididas em quatro grupos: 21 com alterações laríngeas (GCA), 48 sem alterações (GSA), 45 com desvios vocais (GCD) e 24 sem desvios (GSD). Os grupos foram definidos pela avaliação otorrinolaringológica (videolaringoscopia ou videolaringoestroboscopia) e pela avaliação perceptivo-auditiva do grau de disfonia. Foram excluídas participantes fumantes, grávidas, em período menstrual, com alergias ou gripes. Amostras de voz e fala (3 segundos centrais da vogal [a] e contagem de 1 a 11) foram gravadas e editadas no Praat. As medidas acústicas Jitter, Shimmer, Harmonic Noise Ratio (HNR), Glottal to Noise Excitation (GNE), Smoothed Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPPS), Spectral tilt, High Frequency Noise (HF noise) e a diferença entre o primeiro e segundo harmônico (H1-H2) foram extraídas no VOXplot. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do teste T, Mann-Whitney e Hedges’ g. Resultados: Mulheres com alterações laríngeas e vocais apresentaram valores menores de GNE, HNR, CPPS, H1-H2 e HF noise e valores maiores de Jitter, Shimmer e Spectral tilt. O CPPS, o Spectral tilt (vogal) e o H1–H2 (vogal e fala) não diferenciaram os grupos com e sem alterações laríngeas. O CPPS (vogal) e o Spectral tilt (vogal e fala) também não diferenciaram os grupos com e sem desvio vocal. Conclusão: As medidas acústicas responderam de forma semelhante à presença de alterações laríngeas e vocais, reforçando a influência conjunta de fatores estruturais e funcionais na qualidade do sinal vocal.

Palavras-chave

Análise Acústica da Fala; Voz; Alterações Laríngeas; Distúrbios da Voz; Qualidade da Voz

Abstract

Purpose: To compare acoustic voice measures of women with and without laryngeal and vocal alterations. Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical, observational study with 69 female teachers, divided into four groups: 21 with laryngeal alterations (LAG), 48 without alterations (NAG), 45 with vocal deviations (VDG), and 24 without deviations (NDG). The groups were defined by otolaryngological evaluation (videolaryngoscopy or videolaryngostroboscopy) and by auditory-perceptual evaluation of the grade of hoarseness. Participants who smoked, were pregnant, menstruating, or had allergies or the flu were excluded. Voice and speech samples (3 central seconds of the vowel [a] and counting from 1 to 11) were recorded and edited using Praat. The acoustic measures jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio (HNR), glottal-to-noise excitation (GNE), smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS), spectral tilt, high-frequency noise (HF noise), and the difference between the first and second harmonics (H1-H2) were extracted from the VOXplot. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Hedges’ g test. Results: Women with laryngeal and vocal alterations had lower GNE, HNR, CPPS, H1-H2, and HF noise values and higher jitter, shimmer, and spectral tilt values. CPPS, spectral tilt (vowel), and H1-H2 (vowel and speech) were not different between the groups with and without laryngeal alterations. CPPS (vowel) and spectral tilt (vowel and speech) were likewise not different between the groups with and without vocal deviation. Conclusion: The acoustic measures responded similarly to the presence of laryngeal and vocal alterations, reinforcing the combined influence of structural and functional factors on the quality of the vocal signal.

Keywords

Acoustic Analysis of Speech; Voice; Laryngeal Disorders; Voice Disorders; Voice Quality

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Submitted date:
17/09/2025

Accepted date:
11/12/2025

6a8070e0a953956d916df088 codas Articles

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