As características psicoacústicas do zumbido nas disfunções temporomandibulares: uma revisão sistemática
Psychoacoustic characteristics of tinnitus in temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review
Taís de Azevedo Picinini; Ingrid Eismann Moraes; Karen Dantur Batista Chaves; Alexandre Hundertmarck Lessa; Adriana Laybauer Silveira Unchalo; Adriane Ribeiro Teixeira
Resumo
Objetivo: Investigar características psicoacústicas do zumbido em pacientes diagnosticados com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e descrever os achados obtidos na avaliação audiológica básica. Estratégia de pesquisa: Foi realizada revisão sistemática de acordo com as diretrizes PRISMA, com protocolo registrado no PROSPERO (CRD42025649038). As buscas abrangeram as bases Embase, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science e Google Scholar, utilizando descritores validados em MeSH e DeCS. Critérios de seleção: Incluídos estudos descritivos, observacionais, transversais, caso-controle ou longitudinais que avaliaram pacientes com DTM e zumbido, relatando características psicoacústicas como pitch e loudness. Foram excluídos estudos com animais, casos isolados, séries de casos, revisões, cartas, editoriais e artigos sem dados originais. Análise dos dados: Dois revisores realizaram a triagem de títulos, resumos e textos completos, com consulta a um terceiro revisor, nas divergências. O risco de viés foi avaliado com as ferramentas JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. Os dados foram extraídos, organizados e sintetizados qualitativamente. Resultados: Inicialmente, 271 artigos foram identificados; após exclusões e análises, cinco estudos foram incluídos na síntese. Os resultados indicam que o zumbido em pacientes com DTM é predominantemente unilateral, contínuo, de pitch elevado e loudness moderada. Uma parte dos pacientes consegue modular o zumbido por movimentos mandibulares ou cervicais, sugerindo influência somatossensorial. O impacto na qualidade de vida varia de leve a moderado, mesmo em indivíduos com audição normal. Conclusão: O zumbido associado à DTM apresenta características psicoacústicas relativamente consistentes, mas há necessidade de mais estudos primários com amostras maiores e delineamento robusto para confirmar padrões específicos e aprimorar intervenções multidisciplinares
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: To describe the psychoacoustic characteristics of tinnitus in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Research strategies: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025649038). Searches were performed in Embase, LILACS, PubMed/ MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using validated MeSH and DeCS terms. Selection criteria: Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, case-control, or longitudinal studies evaluating patients with TMD and tinnitus, reporting psychoacoustic parameters such as pitch and loudness, were included. Studies involving animals, single-case reports, case series, reviews, letters, editorials, or articles without original data were excluded. Data analysis: Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, with a third reviewer resolving disagreements. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. Data were extracted, organized, and qualitatively synthesized. Results: A total of 271 articles were identified; after removal of duplicates and eligibility assessment, five studies were included in the synthesis. Findings indicate that tinnitus in TMD patients is predominantly unilateral, continuous, with high pitch and moderate loudness. Some patients can modulate tinnitus through mandibular or cervical movements, suggesting a somatosensory contribution. The impact on quality of life ranges from mild to moderate, even in individuals with normal hearing. Conclusion: Tinnitus associated with TMD shows relatively consistent psychoacoustic characteristics. However, further primary studies with larger sample sizes and robust designs are needed to confirm specific patterns and improve multidisciplinary therapeutic approaches.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
09/16/2025
Accepted date:
03/02/2026


