Avaliação de saúde e incapacidade em indivíduos com perda auditiva: um estudo longitudinal utilizando o WHODAS 2.0
Health and disability assessment in individuals with hearing loss: a longitudinal study using WHODAS 2.0
Karen Melissa Gonzaga dos Santos; Rogéria Cristina Toscano Dias; Jade Louise Alves Macedo Padilha Silva; Gizele Francisco Ferreira do Nascimento
Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar a autopercepção de saúde e deficiência de indivíduos com perda auditiva (PA) bilateral antes e após um ano de uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI), utilizando o World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). Método: Estudo longitudinal, observacional e analítico-descritivo, aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa sob o número de parecer 6.767.314 no qual foram avaliados 15 indivíduos diagnosticados com PA de grau leve a severo, em uso de AASI bilateralmente. O WHODAS 2.0 foi aplicado no momento da adaptação e reaplicado após um ano de uso. As médias dos escores nos seis domínios do instrumento (cognição, mobilidade, autocuidado, relações interpessoais, atividades laborais e participação) foram analisadas estatisticamente. Resultados: Observou-se redução da incapacidade após o uso do AASI, com redução média de 12% nos escores do WHODAS. Domínios como cognição, autocuidado e participação apresentaram diferença estatística. Conclusão: O WHODAS 2.0 mostrou-se eficaz para avaliar e monitorar a incapacidade e seu impacto na funcionalidade de indivíduos com PA, sendo sensível às mudanças promovidas pelo uso do AASI, apesar da ausência de significância estatística em algumas variáveis.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the self-perception of health and disability of individuals with bilateral hearing loss (HL) before and after one year of using hearing aids, using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). Methods: Longitudinal, observational and analytical-descriptive study, approved by the research ethics committee under opinion number 6.767.314, in which 15 individuals diagnosed with mild to severe hearing loss and wearing bilateral hearing aids (HA) were assessed. The WHODAS 2.0 was applied at the time of fitting and reapplied after one year of use. The mean scores in the six domains of the instrument (cognition, mobility, self-care, getting along, life activities and participation) were statistically analyzed. Results: A reduction in disability was observed after using HA, with an average reduction of 12% in WHODAS scores. Domains such as cognition, self-care, and participation showed statistical differences. Conclusion: WHODAS 2.0 proved effective in assessing and monitoring disability and its impact on the functioning of individuals with HL, being sensitive to changes promoted by the use of HA, despite the absence of statistical significance in some variables.
Keywords
References
- 1WHO: World Health Organization. World report on hearing [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2021 [citado em 2025 Jun 26]. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240020481
» https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240020481 - 2Bessen SY, Zhang W, Garcia-Morales E, Deal JA, Reed NS. Hearing aid use trends among older adults by income and metropolitan vs nonmetropolitan residence. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(9):e2436140. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36140 PMid:39331396.
» https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36140 - 3Jiang F, Mishra SR, Shrestha N, Ozaki A, Virani SS, Bright T, et al. Association between hearing aid use and all-cause and cause-specific dementia: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort. Lancet Public Health. 2023;8(5):e329-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00048-8 PMid:37062296.
» https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00048-8 - 4Meyer C, Grenness C, Scarinci N, Hickson L. What is the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and health and why is it relevant to audiology? Semin Hear. 2016;37(3):163-86. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1584412 PMid:27489397.
» https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1584412 - 5OMS: Organização Mundial da Saúde. Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde: CIF. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo; 2020.
- 6Üstün T, Kostanjsek N, Chatterji S, Rehm J. Measuring health and disability: manual for WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
- 7Federici S, Bracalenti M, Meloni F, Luciano JV. World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0: an international systematic review. Disabil Rehabil. 2017;39(23):2347-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2016.1223177 PMid:27820966.
» https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2016.1223177 - 8Chundu S, Manchaiah V, Han W, Thammaiah S, Ratinaud P, Allen PM. Social representation of “hearing loss” among people with hearing loss: an exploratory cross-cultural study. J Am Acad Audiol. 2020;31(10):725-39. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1719127 PMid:33321537.
» https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1719127 - 9Oosthuizen I, Manchaiah V, Launer S, Swanepoel W. Hearing aid experiences of adult hearing aid owners during and after fitting: a systematic review of qualitative studies. Trends Hear. 2022;26:23312165221130584. https://doi.org/10.1177/23312165221130584 PMid:36300258.
» https://doi.org/10.1177/23312165221130584 - 10Paiva KM, Maciel PMA, Cintra LG. Compreendendo o idoso usuário de próteses auditivas. Cien Saude Colet. 2011;16(6):2927-34. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232011000600030 PMid:21709989.
» https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232011000600030 - 11Nachtegaal J, Smit JH, Smits C, Bezemer PD, van Beek JH, Festen JM, et al. The association between hearing status and psychosocial health before the age of 70 years: results from an internet-based national survey on hearing. Ear Hear. 2009;30(3):302-12. https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0b013e31819c6e01 PMid:19322094.
» https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0b013e31819c6e01 - 12Hamidi Pouyandeh M, Hoseinabadi R. Factors influencing the hearing aids use and satisfaction: a review study. JMR. 2020;13(3):137-46. https://doi.org/10.32598/JMR.13.3.137
» https://doi.org/10.32598/JMR.13.3.137 - 13Ciamarra P, Corbi G, Gimigliano F, Feola A, Campobasso CP. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) as a measure among elderly population: a review. Disabil Rehabil. 2025;47(15):3773-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2024.2439567 PMid:39659217.
» https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2024.2439567 - 14Gao J, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Fu Z, Jiang H. Evaluating the effectiveness of community-delivered hearing rehabilitation and health education intervention on social isolation and functioning among Chinese adults with hearing impairment: protocol for randomized controlled trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2025;14(1):e64115. https://doi.org/10.2196/64115 PMid:40294405.
» https://doi.org/10.2196/64115 - 15Chisolm TH, Johnson CE, Danhauer JL, Portz LJ, Abrams HB, Lesner S, et al. A systematic review of health-related quality of life and hearing aids: final report of the American Academy of Audiology Task Force on the health-related quality of life benefits of amplification in adults. J Am Acad Audiol. 2007;18(2):151-83. https://doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.18.2.7 PMid:17402301.
» https://doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.18.2.7 - 16Pichora-Fuller MK, Kramer SE, Eckert MA, Edwards B, Hornsby BW, Humes LE, et al. Hearing impairment and cognitive energy: the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening (FUEL). Ear Hear. 2016;37(Suppl 1):5S-27S. https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000000312 PMid:27355771.
» https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000000312 - 17Feltner C, Wallace IF, Kistler CE, Coker-Schwimmer M, Jonas DE. Screening for hearing loss in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2021;325(12):1202-15. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.24855 PMid:33755082.
» https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.24855
Submitted date:
08/07/2025
Accepted date:
01/28/2026
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
Reddit
Email