CoDAS
https://codas.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2317-1782/e20250157pt
CoDAS
Original Article

Postura habitual dos lábios e da língua em lactentes com Trissomia do 21: caracterização e fatores associados

Habitual lip and tongue posture in infants with Trisomy 21: characterization and associated factors

Letícia Pereira Quintaes Godinho; Larissa Melgaço Campos; Andréa Rodrigues Motta; Renata Maria Moreira Moraes Furlan

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Resumo

Objetivo: Caracterizar a postura habitual de lábios e de língua em lactentes com trissomia do 21 e verificar sua associação com idade, sexo e características clínicas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e analítico. A amostra foi composta de 61 lactentes com trissomia do 21, com média de idade de 7,4±6,2 meses. A postura habitual de lábios e de língua foi obtida por meio da análise de vídeos da face dos lactentes. Dados referentes a idade, sexo e condições clínicas foram coletados nos prontuários dos participantes. As variáveis resposta do estudo referem-se às posturas habituais de língua e de lábios predominantemente adotadas pelos lactentes. Constituíram variáveis explicativas: idade, sexo, prematuridade, peso ao nascimento, presença de cardiopatia, hipotireoidismo e doença pulmonar, amamentação e uso de mamadeira e chupeta. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson para associação entre as variáveis, com nível de significância de 5%. O coeficiente Kappa foi utilizado para obter as concordâncias intra e interavaliador em 20% dos vídeos, sendo classificadas como excelente e substancial, respectivamente. Resultados: As posturas adotadas por mais tempo foram de lábios semiabertos (48,2%) e de língua dentro da cavidade oral (32,4%). Houve associação da postura de lábios com a idade na data da avaliação e com o peso ao nascimento, e entre a postura de língua e a amamentação. Conclusão: Menor idade cronológica no momento da avaliação e maior peso ao nascer estiveram associados à melhor postura de lábios, enquanto a presença da amamentação esteve associada à melhor postura de língua.

Palavras-chave

Síndrome de Down; Hipotonia Muscular; Cromossomos Humanos Par 21; Língua; Lábio

Abstract

Purpose: To characterize the habitual lip and tongue posture in infants with trisomy 21 and to verify its association with age, sex, and clinical characteristics. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study with a sample of 61 infants with trisomy 21, with a mean age of 7.4 ± 6.2 months. The habitual lip and tongue posture was obtained through the analysis of videos of the infants’ faces. Data regarding age, sex, and clinical conditions were collected from the participants’ medical records. The study response variables were the habitual tongue and lip postures predominantly adopted by the infants. Explanatory variables included age, sex, prematurity, birth weight, heart disease, hypothyroidism, lung disease, breastfeeding, and use of bottles and pacifiers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square test for association between variables, with a 5% significance level. The study used 20% of the videos to verify the kappa coefficient and obtain intrarater and interrater agreement, classified as excellent and substantial, respectively. Results: The longest postures were parted lips (48.2%) and tongue inside the oral cavity (32.4%). Lip posture was associated with age at the time of assessment and birth weight, and tongue posture was associated with breastfeeding. Conclusion: Younger chronological age at the time of assessment and higher birth weight were associated with better lip posture, while breastfeeding was associated with better tongue posture.

Keywords

Down Syndrome; Muscle Hypotonia; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21; Tongue; Lip

Referencias

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Submitted date:
09/05/2025

Accepted date:
07/01/2026

6a8074b4a95395707e043e02 codas Articles

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