CoDAS
https://codas.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2317-1782/e20250077p
CoDAS
Original Article

Adaptação de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual: análise do impacto no sistema auditivo durante o primeiro ano de uso em perdas auditivas moderada e severa

Hearing aid fitting: analysis of the impact on the auditory system during the first year of use in moderate and severe hearing loss

Victor Goiris Calderaro; Maria Stella Arantes do Amaral; Eduardo Tanaka Massuda; Ana Cláudia Mirândola Barbosa Reis

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Resumo

Objetivo: Investigar o comportamento do sistema auditivo em indivíduos que fazem uso de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual, ao longo do primeiro ano de uso. Método: Participaram do estudo 24 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com perda auditiva sensorioneural moderada ou severa. A primeira etapa de coleta ocorreu antes da adaptação dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual, mediante a aplicação do exame eletrofisiológico P300 e do teste Listas de Sentenças em Português. A segunda e terceira etapas ocorreram 6 e 12 meses após o início da reabilitação, sendo aplicados os dois testes mencionados e o questionário Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults ou Hearing Handicap Inventory for The Elderly. Resultados: Não houve diferença na latência e amplitude do P300 entre as etapas, tanto quando realizado com tone burst, como para estímulo de fala. Os limiares auditivos pós adaptação permitiram acessibilidade aos sons da fala, diferindo, portanto, a etapa 1 das etapas 2 e 3, sem diferença entre as duas últimas. Houve evidência de melhora na percepção da fala ao longo das três fases, principalmente nos indivíduos com perda auditiva de grau moderado. O questionário de autoavaliação mostrou que o uso de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual reduziu a restrição de participação percebida em contextos emocionais e sociais. Conclusão: Embora não haja alterações nas medidas eletrofisiológicas ao longo do primeiro ano de uso, observou-se melhora na percepção da fala (reconhecimento). Além disso, os usuários relatam uma melhora na qualidade de vida, evidenciando os benefícios do uso de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual.

Palavras-chave

Perda Auditiva; Auxiliares de Audição; Potencial Evocado P300; Percepção da Fala; Inquéritos e Questionários

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the behavior of the auditory system in people’s first year of hearing aid use. Methods: The study included 24 individuals of both sexes with moderate and severe sensorineural hearing loss. The first data collection stage occurred before fitting the hearing aids, through the P300 electrophysiological examination and the Portuguese Sentence List test. The second and third stages occurred 6 and 12 months after starting rehabilitation, applying these two tests and the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults or Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly. Results: The P300 latency and amplitude did not differ between the stages with either tone-burst or speech stimulus. The post-fitting hearing thresholds allowed accessibility to speech sounds, therefore differing between stage 1 and stages 2 and 3, with no difference between the last two. There was evidence of improved speech perception throughout the three phases, particularly in individuals with moderate hearing loss. The self-assessment questionnaire showed that the use of hearing aids reduced perceived participation restrictions in emotional and social contexts. Conclusion: Despite the lack of changes in electrophysiological measurements during the first year of use, speech perception (recognition) improved. Users also reported an improvement in quality of life, highlighting the benefits of using hearing aids.

Keywords

Hearing Loss; Hearing Aids; Event-Related Potentials, P300; Speech Perception; Surveys and Questionnaires

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Submitted date:
03/10/2025

Accepted date:
10/20/2025

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