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Teste para avaliação do raciocínio clínico em Fonoaudiologia: validade de conteúdo

Test for clinical reasoning evaluation in Speech-Language Pathology: content validity

Ana Cristina Côrtes Gama; Aline Mansueto Mourão; Adriane Mesquita Medeiros; Patrícia Cotta Mancini; Thais Helena Machado; Lara Gama Santos; Nayara Ribeiro Gomes

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20242023276pt CoDAS, vol.36, n4, e20230276, 2024
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Resumo

Objetivo: validar o conteúdo do Teste de Concordância de Scripts em Fonoaudiologia, denominado FonoTCS. Método: Trata-se de estudo de validação de conteúdo de instrumento. Participaram da construção do FonoTCS cinco fonoaudiólogas, doutoras e docentes, com média de 24,8 anos de atuação profissional, que chegaram a um consenso durante o processo de construção do teste. Elaborou-se 30 questões e 120 itens contemplando as áreas de atuação fonoaudiológica. Em seguida, 15 fonoaudiólogas com titulação mínima de mestre, e com, no mínimo, 10 anos de atuação clínica generalista receberam eletronicamente o FonoTCS para validação de conteúdo por meio de questionário sobre critérios de clareza, ética e pertinência do conteúdo das questões. Para a análise das respostas calculou-se o Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo Corrigido de todas as afirmativas. Foram revisadas as questões com porcentagem de concordância igual ou inferior a 80%. Resultados: 13 avaliadores responderam a análise, todos do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 39,07 anos, sendo oito mestres e cinco doutoras, com atuação clínica generalista média de 15,38 anos. Os valores médios do Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo Corrigido foram 0,93 e 0,95 para o critério de clareza; 0,98 e 0,92 para o critério de pertinência; e 0,99 para o critério de ética. Duas questões apresentaram notas de 0,78 e 0,80, sendo ambas da área de audiologia no domínio de avaliação/diagnóstico, para a questão relacionada ao critério de pertinência, sendo revisadas e reestruturadas pelos juízes. Conclusão: O FonoTCS é um instrumento válido do ponto de vista do conteúdo.

Palavras-chave

Fonoaudiologia; Raciocínio Clínico; Diagnóstico Clínico; Tomada de Decisão Clínica; Estudantes; Aprendizagem

Abstract

Purpose: To validate the content of the Speech-Language Pathology Concordance Test called FonoTCS. Methods: This is a content validation study of the instrument. Five speech-language pathologists, all with doctoral degrees and teaching experience, averaging 24.8 years of professional practice, participated in the development of FonoTCS and reached a consensus during the process. Thirty questions and 120 items were created, covering seven areas of speech-language pathology expertise across three domains. For content validation, FonoTCS was electronically sent to 15 evaluators to respond to a questionnaire with five questions, rated on a five-point scale, regarding the criteria of clarity, ethics, and relevance of the questions. The Corrected Content Validity Coefficient was calculated for all statements to analyze the responses. Questions with agreement percentages equal to or less than 80% were revised. Results: Thirteen evaluators, all female, with an average age of 39.07 years, including eight with master’s degrees and five with doctoral degrees, and an average clinical practice experience of 15.38 years, participated in the analysis. The average Corrected Content Validity Coefficient values for the clarity criterion were 0.93 and 0.95, for the relevance criterion 0.98 and 0.92, and for the ethics criterion 0.99. Two questions received scores of 0.78 and 0.80, both related to the audiology area in the assessment/ diagnosis domain, specifically question 2 regarding the relevance criterion. These questions were reviewed and restructured by the judges. Conclusion: FonoTCS is a valid instrument from a content perspective.

Keywords

Speech-Language Pathology; Clinical Reasoning; Clinical Diagnosis; Clinical Decision-Making; Students; Learning

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Submetido em:
13/11/2023

Aceito em:
18/01/2024

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