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https://codas.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2317-1782/20242023209en
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Relationship between mastication and malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults: a meta-analysis

Alba Maria Melo Medeiros; Ramon Cipriano Pacheco de Araújo; Allya Francisca Marques Borges; Sara Estéfani Soares de Sousa; Cristiano Miranda de Araujo; Hipólito Virgilio Magalhães Junior; Renata Veiga Andersen Cavalcanti; Karinna Veríssimo Meira Taveira

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20242023209en CoDAS, vol.36, n4, e20230209, 2024
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Abstract

Purpose: To determine the relationship between mastication and malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. Research strategies: To establish the eligibility criteria, the acronym PECOS was used: Population: non-institutionalized older adults; Exposure: older adults with malnutrition; Control: older adults without malnutrition; Outcome: masticatory problems in malnourished older adults; Study types: observational studies. Selection criteria: It selected studies assessing malnutrition and mastication difficulties in non-institutionalized adults over 60 years old, of both sexes. Mastication and malnutrition were evaluated with questionnaires on self-reported symptoms and clinical and instrumental assessments. There were no restrictions on language, year of publication, or ethnicity. Data analysis: The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality with the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for cross-sectional studies. For the cross-sectional studies included, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Results: After searching the databases, 692 references were retrieved, with three studies selected for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The values obtained in the meta-analysis for association show that malnutrition and mastication difficulties were 2.21 times as likely to occur (OR = 2.21; 95%CI = 0.93 – 5.26; I2 = 94%) as individuals without malnutrition (p < 0.001). The assessment of the risk of bias presented a high-risk, a moderate-risk, and a low-risk study. The certainty of evidence was rated very low with the GRADE tool. Conclusion: Individuals at risk of malnutrition are 2.21 times as likely to have mastication difficulties.

Keywords

Older People; Chewing; Masticatory Force; Malnutrition; Systematic Review

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Submetido em:
11/09/2023

Aceito em:
17/12/2023

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