Analysis of speech perception with amplification devices in subjects with ear malformation and unilateral hearing loss
Análise da percepção da fala com uso de dispositivos de amplificação em indivíduos com malformação de orelha e perda auditiva unilateral
Izabella Lima de Matos; Maria Carolina Ferreira; Maria Fernanda Capoani Garcia Mondelli
Abstract
Purpose: To verify the speech perception in subjects with ear malformation and unilateral hearing loss, fitted with two types of amplification as follows: conventional hearing aids and softband (band with vibrator bone). Method: The study included fifteen subjects of both sexes who presented congenital malformation of the middle or outer ear, diagnosed with unilateral conductive or mixed hearing loss, moderate to severe hearing loss, age range between 15 to 25 years and, prescription from a specialist doctor for hearing device fitting. We performed the speech perception assessment without amplification after the hearing aid and softband fitting, with the hearing aid linked to the bone vibrator (conventional) and the softband (band with the bone vibrator). The subjects were evaluated using the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), in silence and in noise. Results: Seven subjects with unilateral ear malformation were evaluated, 57.1 % had impairment in the right ear and 42.9 % in the left ear. Regarding the type and the level of hearing loss, 71 % of all subjects included in the sample presented moderate conductive hearing loss. The assessment of speech perception was performed during silence, frontal noise, lateral noise and, during three specifics situations: no amplification, with conventional hearing aid and with the softband. The results with the amplification devices were positive in all evaluated conditions. Conclusion: Evaluated subjects presented improvement in speech perception, in silence, frontal noise and lateral noise situations, regardless of the type of amplification; however, the difference was not statistically significant.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: Verificar a percepção da fala de indivíduos com malformação de orelha e perda auditiva unilateral utilizando dois tipos de amplificação: amplificação sonora individual (AASI) convencional e softband (faixa com vibrador ósseo). Método: Foram selecionados 15 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com malformação congênita de orelha externa e/ou orelha média, diagnóstico de perda auditiva unilateral do tipo condutiva ou mista de grau moderado a severo, idade entre 15 e 25 anos, e encaminhamento para amplificação realizado pelo médico otorrinolaringologista. Após a adaptação com AASI e softband, foi realizada avaliação da percepção da fala sem uso da amplificação, com AASI acoplado ao arco e vibrador ósseo (convencional) e com uso do softband (faixa com vibrador). Os indivíduos foram avaliados por meio do Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) nas condições de silêncio e de ruído. Resultados: Foram avaliados sete indivíduos com malformação de orelha unilateral, sendo 57,1% na orelha direita e 42,9% na orelha esquerda. Quanto ao tipo e grau da perda, 71, 4% da amostra possuía perda auditiva condutiva moderada. No teste de percepção de fala na condição de silêncio, ruído frontal e ruído lateral, em três situações: sem amplificação, com o uso do AASI convencional e com o uso do softband, os resultados com uso de dispositivos de amplificação apresentaram-se melhores em todas as condições. Conclusão: Osindivíduos apresentaram melhora sutil, porém não significativa, na percepção de fala tanto em situações de silêncio, ruído frontal e lateral independentemente do tipo de amplificação
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Referências
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Submetido em:
19/02/2019
Aceito em:
17/09/2019
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