Upper high notes: auditory-perceptual analysis of voice and self-reporting among professional sopranos
Superagudos: análise perceptivo-auditiva da voz e autorrelato em sopranos profissionais
Danilo Euclides Fernandes; Marta Assumpção de Andrada e Silva
Abstract
Purpose: To describe the emission of upper high notes by professional sopranos by means of the auditory-perceptual evaluation of the singers’ voices and self-reports. Methods: Five professional sopranos performed an excerpt from a Bellini opera which involved the emission of an upper high note. The auditory-perceptual evaluation was carried out by three speech-language therapists and three singing teachers, who considered brightness, loudness, metal quality, vibrato, breathiness, and resonance on a visual-analytical scale, based on each singer’s emission of high notes. After the recording, the singers were asked to answer a proprioceptive questionnaire on the physical sensations that they had as they emitted upper high notes. An inferential analysis of the data from the auditory-perceptual evaluation was conducted, and the singers’ self-reports were summarized and then orthographically transcribed. Results: In the auditory-perceptual analysis, the emission of upper high notes was characterized according to the presence of brightness, loudness, metal quality, vibrato, and anterior resonance, as perceived by speech-language therapists and singing teachers. In the proprioceptive report, all singers reported laryngeal elevation and a need to use respiratory support in order to emit upper high notes. Conclusion: Upper high notes are characterized by a bright vocal emission, enhanced loudness, with a metallic quality and vibrato, little or no breathiness, accompanied by a sensation of laryngeal elevation and a need for respiratory support.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: Descrever a emissão de superagudos em sopranos profissionais por meio da avaliação perceptivo‑auditiva da voz e do autorrelato das cantoras. Método: Cinco sopranos profissionais executaram o trecho de uma ópera de Bellini no qual havia a emissão de uma nota superaguda. A avaliação perceptivo-auditiva foi realizada por seis avaliadores (três fonoaudiólogos e três professores de canto) que consideraram brilho, loudness, metal, vibrato, soprosidade e ressonância em uma escala visual-analítica, tendo como base a emissão aguda de cada uma das cantoras. Após a gravação, as cantoras responderam a um questionário proprioceptivo sobre as sensações físicas durante a produção dos superagudos. Foi realizada uma análise inferencial dos dados da avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e transcrição ortográfica resumida do autorrelato das cantoras. Resultados: Na análise perceptivo-auditiva, a emissão superaguda foi caracterizada por presença de brilho, loudness, metal, vibrato e ressonância anteriorizada percebida por fonoaudiólogos e professores de canto. No relato proprioceptivo, todas as cantoras referiram elevação de laringe e necessidade de utilização do apoio respiratório para emitir a nota superaguda. Conclusão: Os superagudos foram caracterizados por uma emissão vocal brilhante, loudness aumentada, metálica, com vibrato, com pouca ou nenhuma soprosidade, com sensação de elevação da laringe e necessidade de apoio respiratório.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
07/03/2019
Aceito em:
10/07/2019
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