Do preschoolers born premature perform properly on lexical and verbal short-term memory abilities?
Pré-escolares nascidos prematuros apresentam desempenho adequado em vocabulário expressivo e memória de curto prazo verbal?
Marianne Querido Verreschi; Ana Manhani Cáceres-Assenço; Vera Lúcia Jornada Krebs; Werther Brunow de Carvalho; Debora Maria Befi-Lopes
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate lexical performance and verbal short-term memory ability in premature infants at preschool age and compare the results with their full-term peers. Methods: Forty preschool children aged between 4 and 5 years and 11 months participated on the study and were equally divided into two groups considering their gestational age: preterm and full-term. Groups did not differ on age, family income and maternal education. Participants were paired according to their chronological age and their socioeconomic status. Their performance was assessed using expressive vocabulary and verbal short-term memory tests. Inferential statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney and the Fisher exact test. Results: Group performance did not differ on vocabulary, but premature children showed an inferior performance on nonword repetition tasks. Conclusion: These data indicates that preschoolers born premature performed statistically lower than their peers born full-term on nonword repetition task. Thus, premature birth was associated to vocabulary development on typically developing range, but also to verbal short-term memory impairments.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: Investigar o desempenho lexical e a habilidade de memória de curto prazo verbal em crianças prematuras em idade pré-escolar, e comparar os resultados com seus pares nascidos a termo. Método: Participaram do estudo 40 pré-escolares com idade entre 4 e 5 anos e 11 meses divididos em dois grupos, sendo 20 nascidos prematuros e 20 nascidos a termo. Os grupos não diferiram quanto à idade, renda familiar e escolaridade materna. Foram utilizados testes de vocabulário expressivo e memória de curto prazo verbal. A análise estatística inferencial foi realizada por meio dos testes de Mann-Whitney e exato de Fisher. Resultados: O desempenho dos grupos não diferiu na tarefa de vocabulário, mas o grupo de prematuros apresentou desempenho inferior ao de seus pares na tarefa de repetição de não palavras. Conclusão: Nesta amostra, o desempenho dos pré-escolares que nasceram prematuros foi estatisticamente inferior ao daqueles nascidos a termo apenas na tarefa de repetição de não palavras. Assim, o nascimento prematuro esteve associado a desempenho no vocabulário expressivo compatível com o esperado para a idade, porém com prejuízos na memória de curto prazo verbal.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
07/05/2018
Aceito em:
25/06/2019
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