Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders
Medidas cepstrais na avaliação da intensidade do desvio vocal
Leonardo Wanderley Lopes, Estevão Silvestre da Silva Sousa, Allan Carlos França da Silva, Itacely Marinho da Silva, Maxsuel Avelino Alves de Paiva, Vinícius Jefferson Dias Vieira, Anna Alice Almeida.
Abstract
Purpose: To analyze whether there is an association between the presence, intensity and type of voice disorder and the cepstral measures in samples of individuals with voice complaints.
Methods: We used 376 vowel /Ɛ/ samples from individuals of both genders that had voice complaints. An analogue-visual scale was used for the auditory-perceptual analysis of voices regarding the overall grade of dysphonia (G) and the grades of roughness (R), breathiness (B), and strain (S), including a determination of voice quality (rough, breathy or strained). Measures related to cepstral peak prominence smoothed (CPPS) and spectral decline of vocal samples were extracted.
Results: There were differences in the CPPS values between the groups with or without voice disorders as well as between the different intensities and types of voice disorder. CPPS values were lower because of the presence and intensity of voice disorders. The CPPS values differentiated the following voices: rough x breathy, rough x strained, and breathy x strained. The spectral decline only differentiated breathy x strained voices. CPPS correlated positively and strongly with G and B; moderately and negatively with R, and negatively and weakly with S. The spectral decline had a moderate positive correlation with S and a weak negative correlation with B.
Conclusion: There is association between voice disorder, G, predominant voice quality, and CPPS. In particular, G is strongly correlated with CPPS. Spectral decline is associated only with the parameters B and S.
Keywords
Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar se existe associação entre a presença, a intensidade e o tipo de desvio vocal e as medidas cepstrais em amostras de indivíduos com queixa vocal.
Método: Foram utilizadas 376 amostras da vogal /ε/ de indivíduos de ambos os gêneros, com queixa vocal. Utilizou-se uma escala analógico-visual para análise perceptivo-auditiva das vozes quanto à intensidade do desvio vocal (GG), graus de rugosidade (GR), soprosidade (GS) e tensão (GT), incluindo-se a determinação da qualidade vocal predominante (rugosa, soprosa ou tensa). Foram extraídas as medidas relacionadas ao Cepstral Peak Prominence-Smoothed (CPPS) e o declínio espectral das amostras vocais.
Resultados: Houve diferença dos valores do CPPS entre os grupos com e sem desvio vocal, assim como entre as diferentes intensidades e tipos de desvio vocal. Os valores do CPPS foram mais reduzidos em função da presença e intensidade do desvio vocal. Os valores do CPPS diferenciaram vozes rugosas x soprosas, rugosas x tensas e soprosas x tensas. O declínio espectral apenas diferenciou vozes soprosas x tensas. O CPPS se correlacionou de modo positivo e forte com os GG e GS, de modo negativo moderado com o GR, e de forma negativa fraca com o GT. O declínio espectral apresentou correlação positiva moderada com o GT e correlação negativa fraca com o GS.
Conclusão: Existe associação entre a presença de desvio vocal, o GG, a qualidade vocal predominante e o CPPS. De modo especial, o GG é fortemente correlacionado ao CPPS. O declínio espectral está associado apenas aos parâmetros de soprosidade e tensão.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
24/07/2018
Aceito em:
24/11/2018
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